依据规则：by怎么用
What's in a name ? That which we call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet.
——Shakespeare
名称有什么关系呢？玫瑰不叫玫瑰，依旧芳香如故。
——莎士比亚
一、你知道by有几种含义吗？
adv.
1.在侧，在附近
Close by lay little Shannah, beaten and nearly decapitated
在近旁躺着小香纳，遍体鳞伤，脑袋几乎被砍掉了。
2.通过；经过；过去
I go by the church every morning on my way to work.
我每天早晨上班要经过教堂。
prep.
1.靠，通过
We'll be travelling by car.
我们将开车旅行。
2.根据，按照
Pharmacists are required by law to give the medicine prescribed by the doctor.
法律规定药剂师必须按照医生开的处方配药。
3.在附近
I happened to sit by her in the cinema.
在电影院我碰巧坐在她旁边。
4.沿着；经由
A few cars passed close by me.
几辆车贴着我开过去。
5.在…之前
By eight o'clock he had arrived at my hotel.
到8点时，他已经到达我住的宾馆了。
二、你知道by和哪些词更搭吗？
abide by
v. 恪守，遵守，服从，坚持
by any means
无论如何,以任何手段
by chance
adv.偶然,意外地
by design
adv.故意地
by far
adv. （修饰比较级或最高级）……得多；最……
三、一起来做个填词游戏吧
You can never plan the future______the past.
永远不能依照过去来计划将来。
