日本拟研制新型岸舰导弹

Japan is planning to develop a new tactical ballistic missile that would challenge Chinese military strategy around disputed islands in the East China Sea.

日本计划开发一种新的战术弹道导弹，该型导弹将挑战中国围绕东中国海有争议岛屿的军事战略。

Plans for the surface-to-ship weapon, which would be the longest-range missile ever built by Japan, have emerged after months of rancour between Tokyo and Beijing over rival territorial claims.

这种岸舰导弹将是日本迄今制造的射程最远的导弹，其开发计划出炉之前，东京和北京之间围绕相互对立的领土主张爆发了持续多月的争吵。

As tensions have persisted, Japan revealed last month that it had scrambled fighter jets a record 199 times in the second quarter as Chinese military activities intensified around Japan’s territorial waters and drew closer to the Senkakus — a chain of uninhabited islets known as the Diaoyu in China.

随着紧张局势持续发酵，日本上月透露，其航空自卫队战斗机在第二季度紧急出动199次，数量之多创下纪录，原因是中国加强在日本领海周边的军事活动，并且逼近尖阁诸岛(Senkakus)，这是东中国海一个无人居住的岛链，中国称其为钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿。

The new missile, say military experts familiar with the plans, is designed to “complicate enemy planning”. By positioning the weapons on Japanese islands in the East China Sea, their range, stretching to the edge of Japan’s territorial claims, would discourage naval aggression. If an attacking force were planning a landing on a Japanese island, its commander would need to destroy the missiles beforehand — in effect initiating conflict.

熟悉相关计划的军事专家们表示，这种新型导弹旨在“让敌人的规划变得复杂”。把该型导弹部署在东中国海的日本岛屿上，其射程范围将覆盖日本领土主张的边缘，从而起到吓阻海上侵略行为的作用。如果进攻部队计划登陆日本的某个岛屿，它的指挥官将需要先摧毁这些导弹——实际上发起冲突。

Japan’s move to build the missiles comes as it strengthens its capability to develop military equipment after prime minister Shinzo Abe ended the country’s self-imposed ban on the export of weapons in 2014. The programme is part of a wider effort to reduce spending on foreign-made weaponry if a domestic alternative can be produced.

决定研制这种导弹之际，日本正在加强其开发军事装备的实力，此前日本首相安倍晋三(Shinzo Abe)在2014年解除了日本自我强加的武器出口禁令。导弹计划是日本整体努力的一部分，目的是在有能力国产的情况下减少武器进口支出。

The vehicle-mounted, GPS-guided system is likely to be deployed to locations such as the southern island of Miyako in Okinawa, according to people familiar with the plan.

知情人士称，这种GPS制导的车载导弹系统很可能被部署到日本南方岛屿，如冲绳的宫古岛(Miyako)。

With a range of about 300km, the system will be able to cover the waters around the Senkakus. Experts say the current Type-12 surface-to-ship missiles, which Japan procured in 2012, have a range of roughly 200km.

射程约300公里的该型导弹系统，将能够覆盖尖阁诸岛周围海域。专家们介绍说，目前服役的12式陆基反舰导弹（日本在2012年采购）射程大致为200公里。

The defence ministry said it was studying ways to enhance its existing surface-to-ship missile capability to deter invasion of Japan’s remote islands. But it declined to comment on details. The Yomiuri Shimbun newspaper said the new missiles were expected to be deployed around 2023.

防卫省表示，正在研究如何增强现有的陆基反舰导弹，以吓阻对日本偏远岛屿的入侵。但该部门拒绝对细节置评。《读卖新闻》(Yomiuri Shimbun)报道称，预计新型导弹将在2023年前后部署。

Industry watchers say the move to develop a new missile is no surprise given that the ministry’s 2013 defence guidelines called for Japan’s military to strengthen its ability to deal with attacks on islands.

行业观察人士说，开发新型导弹之举并不令人意外，因为防卫省2013年公布的防卫指针文件就呼吁自卫队加强其应对岛屿受到攻击的能力。

The ministry is expected to seek funding for development of the new missile in its initial budget requests for the 2017-18 fiscal year, to be submitted later this month.

预计防卫省将在本月稍后提交的2017-18财年初步预算请求中，为研制新型导弹申请资金。

Governments in the Asia-Pacific region are closely scrutinising Japan’s military posture following this month’s appointment of Tomomi Inada as the country’s defence minister. The outspoken nationalist, who yesterday returned from a visit to a Japanese military base in Djibouti, has previously expressed a hardline position on Japan’s territorial rights in the East China Sea.

本月稻田朋美(Tomomi Inada)被任命为日本防卫大臣后，亚太各国政府正在密切关注日本的军事姿态。稻田朋美是一名直言不讳的民族主义者，昨日在视察日本在吉布提的军事基地后回国，她曾对日本在东中国海的领土权利表达强硬立场。