[军事一瞥]俄罗斯海军面临困境

俄罗斯海军面临困境

来源：Jane's（简氏周刊） 编辑：Vicki

俄罗斯《独立军事评论》周刊称俄罗斯海军目前正处在崩溃的边缘，报告称由于受俄罗斯低迷的造船业影响，俄罗斯海军前景灰暗。

Russian Navy facing 'irreversible collapse'

The Russian Navy is currently on the verge of 'irreversible collapse（无法挽救的崩溃）', according to a recent analysis published by the authoritative Moscow-based weekly - the Independent Military Review（独立军事评论） .

The report, entitled 'BMF RF [Naval Military Fleet of the Russian Federation（俄罗斯联邦海军军事舰队）] on Foreign warships（国外船只）', says the main cause for the 'collapse' is the state of the Russian shipbuilding industry, which is "incapable of producing warships in either the quantity or at the level of quality that their navy customer requires" for the future.

According to the analysis, the navy's leadership "understands that this is a hopeless situation and are looking for a way out by considering the purchase of naval vessels from abroad".

The issue was raised during the International Military Naval Exposition (MVMS国际海军军事展览) that took place in the last week of June in St Petersburg（圣彼得斯堡）.

The Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy, Admiral Vladimir Vysotsky, outlined the problem when he said: "Our [challenge] is how to significantly improve the condition of our fleet without destroying the economic activity in the country."

Keke View：俄罗斯海军是俄罗斯联邦武装力量中的海军部分。俄罗斯海军的船只的国际编号为RFS（Russian Federation Ship，俄罗斯联邦船只的缩写）。

今天的俄罗斯海军源于苏联海军。1991年冷战结束后苏联解体，原来的苏联海军的舰船，武器装备和兵员大部分被俄罗斯海军接收，小部分被乌克兰和波罗的海三国接收。

俄罗斯海军由北方舰队、太平洋舰队、黑海舰队、波罗的海舰队、里海分舰队（“里海分舰队”是俄文翻译，实际上里海分舰队和其他四大舰队并无隶属关系，只是规模小得多）、海军航空兵、海军步兵（俄文原文为“海军步兵”，但基本上等同于其他国家的海军陆战队，是多兵种合成的两栖登陆作战部队）和海岸炮兵组成。