Participle clauses 分词从句
Participle clauses are a bit like relative clauses – they give us more information.
分词从句有点像定语从句—它告诉我们更多信息。
• People wearing carnival costumes filled the streets of Rio de Janeiro.
• The paintings stolen from the National Gallery last week have been found.
The participle clauses (‘wearing …’ and ‘stolen ….’) act like relative clauses. We could say:
这些句子里的分词从句(‘wearing …’ and ‘stolen ….’)就发挥跟定语从句一样的作用。 改为定语从句就是：
• People who were wearing carnival costumes filled the streets of Rio de Janeiro.
• The paintings which were stolen from the National Gallery last week have been found.
With the Past Participle 带过去分词的从句
• A pair of shoes worn by Marilyn Monroe have been sold for fifty thousand dollars.
• Trees blown down in last night’s storms are being removed this morning.
We use the past participle – ‘blown’ in the last example but the ending ‘-ed’ is used in regular verbs – when the meaning is passive.
这里最后一个例子里，我们用过去分词blown，但是表示被动的时候，规则动词是以ed结尾。
With the Present Participle 带现在分词的从句
• A man holding a gun shouted at us to lie down.
We use the present participle - the ‘-ing’ form – to form the participle clause when the meaning is active.
当意思是表示主动的时候，我们用现在分词—ing形式来组成分词从句。
Notice that the participle clauses with the present participle have a continuous meaning. If we replaced them with a relative clause it would be in a continuous tense.
注意带现在分词的分词从句有一种进行时的意义，如果我们用定语从句来代替它的话，将用进行时态。
• A man holding a gun has the same meaning as A man who was holding a gun.We can’t make a participle clause with a present participle when the meaning is not continuous.
当要表达的意义不是含有进行时的意义时，我们不能使用现在分词从句。如：
• The woman living next door is on holiday.• The woman who lives next door is on holiday.
